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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of 2 parts, the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all of the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is the construction itself, which can be constructed by the termites. Nests can be broadly separated into three main categories: subterranean (entirely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (constructed above ground, but constantly connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the earth with ground contact and are made from earth and sand.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of today nest in wooden constructions such as logs, stumps and the dead parts of trees, as did termites millions of years back.184.

To build their nests, termites primarily use faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partially digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and wood), and dirt, used in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not many nests are visible, as many nests in tropical woods are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are great examples of subterranean nest contractors, as they only dwell inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds protect the termites' tender bodies against desiccation, mild, pathogens and parasites, as well as providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made from carton are especially weak, and so the inhabitants use counter-attack approaches against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change results from bacterial decay in the intestine of the termites: they utilize their faeces as a carton building substance. Arboreal termites nests can account for as much as 2% of above ground carbon storage in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build complex nests known as polycalic nests; this habitat is called polycalism. Polycalic species of termites form numerous nests, or calies, connected with subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to possess polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests appear to be less frequent in mound-building species but polycalic arboreal nests have been observed in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds should they protrude from the earth's surface. A mound provides termites exactly the exact same protection as a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds found in regions with torrential and continuous rainfall are in danger of mound erosion as a result of their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can offer protection from the rain, and in fact can withstand large precipitation.

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By way of instance, Cubitermes colonies construct narrow tunnels utilized as strong points, since the width of the tunnels is little enough for troops to obstruct.192 A highly secure image source chamber, known as the"queens cell", houses the queen and king and is employed as a last line of defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably build the most complex structures in the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the biggest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 feet), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can build nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 ft ) high and 2.5 metres (8 feet) wide.

The sculptured mounds occasionally have fancy and distinctive types, like the ones of the compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which assembles tall, wedge-shaped mounds with the long axis oriented approximately northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to assist thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase quickly during the morning when avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shield tubes, also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that begin in the ground. These shield tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a period of high humidity, so these tubes offer protection to termites from potential predators, especially ants.198 Shelter tubes also give high humidity and darkness and allow employees to accumulate food sources that cannot be accessed in any other way.197 These passageways are produced from soil and faeces and are normally brown in color.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in diameter, but might extend dozens of yards in length.198.

Owing to their wood-eating customs, many termite species can do significant harm to unprotected buildings and other wooden constructions.199 Termites play an important function as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans occurs where structures and landscapes containing structural timber components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a reliable source of food and moisture.200;Their custom of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are severely damaged, leaving a thin coating of a wall which protects them from your environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause damage; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species possess an economic impact; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.